Tic tac toe

This a problem set for you to work through

This is a problem set. Some of these are easy, others are far more difficult. The purpose of these problems sets are:

1. to build your skill applying computational thinking to a problem
2. to assess your knowledge and skills of different programming practices

What is this problem set trying to do

This problem set is testing your computational thinking, your skill and understanding of lists, and your skill and understanding of loops

The Problem

Your program must do three things:

1. it must allow a human to play against a computer a game of tic tac toe
   1. your program must have win and lose conditions
2. it must draw a tic tac to board, updated with x's and O's as the computer and human play.
3. It must follow the rules of tic tac toe

Hacker edition

In the hacker version:

• Your program should be good at playing tic tac toe

Python Version

import random

# initialization stuff here: 

board = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
computerSpaces = []
humanSpaces =[1]
game = 0

def drawPieces(position):
    if position in humanSpaces:
        return "X"
    elif position in computerSpaces:
        return "O"
    else:
        return position   



# this function draws the board
def drawBoard():
    print("")
    print("")
    print(" ",drawPieces(1),"  |   (2)    | (3) ")
    print("     |          |     ")
    print("----------------------")
    print(" (4) |   (5)    | (6) ")
    print("     |          |     ")
    print("----------------------")
    print(" (7) |   (8)    | (9) ")
    print("     |          |     ")
    
    return

# this function manages player moves
def playerMove(move):
    return

# this function manages computer moves
def computerMove(computerMove):
    return

while True:
    print(drawBoard())
    move=input("Please choose a move (99 to quit): ")
    if move == "99":
        break
    elif str(move) in computerSpaces or str(move) in humanSpaces:
        print("this is a invalid move")
    else:
        humanSpaces.append(move)
        print(humanSpaces)
   # playerMove(move)

Javascript Version

File:Javascript tictactoe.zip

How you will be assessed

Your solution will be graded using the following axis:

Scope

• To what extent does your code implement the features required by our specification?
• To what extent is there evidence of effort?

Correctness

• To what extent did your code meet specifications?
• To what extent did your code meet unit tests?
• To what extent is your code free of bugs?

Design

• To what extent is your code written well (i.e. clearly, efficiently, elegantly, and/or logically)?
• To what extent is your code eliminating repetition?
• To what extent is your code using functions appropriately?

Style

• To what extent is your code readable?
• To what extent is your code commented?
• To what extent are your variables well named?
• To what extent do you adhere to style guide?

A possible solution

Click the expand link to see one possible solution in Python, but NOT before you have tried and failed!

import PySimpleGUI as sg
import random

from PySimpleGUI.PySimpleGUI import WINDOW_CLOSED
sg.theme('Python')


turn = 1
turn2 = 0
board = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
win_p = [
[0,1,2],
[3,4,5],
[6,7,8],
[0,3,6],
[1,4,7],
[2,5,8],
[0,4,8],
[2,4,6]
]

def draw_board():
    print(board[0],board[1],board[2])
    print(board[3],board[4],board[5])
    print(board[6],board[7],board[8])


computer_first_move = random.choice(board)
board[computer_first_move-1] = "X"

layout = [
[sg.Text('The turn is:',font=("Helevtica", 25), key='D'), sg.Text(turn, key = 'D1',font=("Helevtica", 25))],
[sg.Button(board[0],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '0'),sg.Button(board[1],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '1'),sg.Button(board[2],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '2')],
[sg.Button(board[3],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '3'),sg.Button(board[4],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '4'),sg.Button(board[5],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '5')],
[sg.Button(board[6],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '6'),sg.Button(board[7],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '7'),sg.Button(board[8],font=("Helevtica", 50),key = '8')],
]

window = sg.Window('TicTacToe', layout)

while True:
    event, values = window.read()
    if event == WINDOW_CLOSED:
        break

    print(event)

    for i in range(0,9):
        if str(event) == str(board[i]):
            window[str(i)].update('O')
            board[i] = "O"
            draw_board()

    computer_turn = True
    count2 = 0
    win = 0
    loss = 0


#================================================================

    if(event):
        for x in win_p:
            count = 0
            count1 = 0
            poss = []
            
            for i in x:
                if(board[i]) == "O":
                    count = count +1


            if count == 3:
                win += 1            
                break


        if win == 1:
            draw_board()
            sg.popup('YOU WON!')
            

    # #================================================================

        for x in win_p:
            count = 0
            count1 = 0
            poss = []
            
            for i in x:
                if(board[i]) == "O":
                    count = count +1

            if count == 0:
                for i in x:
                    if(board[i]) == "X":
                        count1 = count1 + 1
                        

                if (count1 == 2) and (computer_turn == True):
                    for i in x:
                        if(board[i]) != "X":
                            window[str(i)].update('X')
                            board[i] = "X"
                            loss = loss + 1
                            break
                    computer_turn == False

        if loss == 1:
            draw_board()
            sg.popup("YOU LOST")
            break
            

    #=============================================================================


        for x in win_p:
            count = 0
            count1 = 0
            poss = []
            
            for i in x:
                if(board[i]) == "O":
                    count = count +1

            if count == 2 and computer_turn == True:
                for i in x:
                    if(board[i]) != "O" and (board[i]) != "X":

                        board[i] = "X"
                        window[str(i)].update('X')

                        computer_turn = False


    # #=============================================================================

        for x in win_p:
            count = 0
            count1 = 0
            poss = []
            
            for i in x:
                if(board[i]) == "O":
                    count = count +1

            if count == 0:
                for i in x:
                    if(board[i]) == "X":
                        count1 =+ 1
                if (count1 == 1) and (computer_turn == True):
                    print(x)
                    for i in x:
                        print(i,board[i])
                        if(board[i]) != "X":
                            poss.append(i)
                        print(poss)
                    q = random.choice(poss)
                    board[q] = "X"
                    window[str(q)].update('X')

                    computer_turn = False




        for i in range(0,9):
            if board[i] != i:
                count2 = count2 + 1
        print("count2:",count2)

        if count2 == 8:
            for i in range(0,9):
                if board[i] == i:
                    board[i] = "X"
                    window[str(i)].update('X')

                    draw_board()
                    sg.popup("Tie")
                    break
        if count2 == 9:
            draw_board()
            sg.popup("Tie")
            break


        print("="*25)
        draw_board()
        turn = turn+1
        window['D1'].update(turn)
        print("loop")




# ====================== another example below ==================================

import os, random, time

#setting
table = ["\033[1;30m1\033[0m","\033[1;30m2\033[0m","\033[1;30m3\033[0m","\033[1;30m4\033[0m","\033[1;30m5\033[0m","\033[1;30m6\033[0m","\033[1;30m7\033[0m","\033[1;30m8\033[0m","\033[1;30m9\033[0m"]
# table1 = ["\033[1;30m1\033[0m","\033[1;30m2\033[0m","\033[1;30m3\033[0m","\033[1;30m4\033[0m","\033[1;30m5\033[0m","\033[1;30m6\033[0m","\033[1;30m7\033[0m","\033[1;30m8\033[0m","\033[1;30m9\033[0m"]
ending = False
def drawing():
    os.system('clear')
    print(f"{table[0]}   {table[1]}   {table[2]}")
    print(f"\n{table[3]}   {table[4]}   {table[5]}")
    print(f"\n{table[6]}   {table[7]}   {table[8]}")

#event loop
while True:
    drawing()
    a=0
    b=0

#win or lose or draw
    # if any(table1) in table:
    #     print("You draw!")
    #     ending = True
    if table[0] == table[4] == table[8]:
        if table[0] == 'O':
            print("You Win!")
            ending = True
        else:
            print("You Lose!")
            ending = True
    elif table[2] == table[4] == table[6]:
        if table[2] == 'O':
            print("You Win!")
            ending = True
        else:
            print("You Lose!")
            ending = True
    for i in range(3):
        if table[a] == table[a+1] == table[a+2]:
            if table[a] == 'O':
                print("You Win!")
                ending = True
            else:
                print("You Lose!")
                ending = True
        elif table[b] == table[b+3] == table[b+6]:
            if table[b] == 'O':
                print("You Win!")
                ending = True
            else:
                print("You Lose!")
                ending = True
        a += 3
        b += 1

    if ending == True:
        break    

#user's turn
    user_move = int(input("\nplace number: "))
    if table[user_move-1] != 'O' and table[user_move-1] != 'X':
        table[user_move-1] = 'O'
    else:
        input("that's not proper place...")
        continue
    drawing()



#computer's turn
    while True:
        a=0
        b=0
## simple UI logic
        # if table[4] == 'X' or 'O':
        #     if table[4] == table[0] or table[4] == table[8]:
        #         if table[0] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[8] = 'X'
        #             break
        #         elif table[8] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[0] = 'X'
        #             break 
        #     elif table[4] == table[2] or table[4] == table[6]:
        #         if table[2] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[6] == 'X'
        #             break
        #         elif table[6] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[2] == 'X'
        #             break
        #     else:
        #         pass
        
        # for i in range(3):
        #     if table[a] == table[a+1] or table[a+1] == table[a+2] and table[a+1] == 'X' or 'O':
        #         if table[a] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[a] = 'X'
        #             logic_loop = False
        #         if table[a+2] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[a+2] = 'X'
        #             break
        #     elif table[b] == table[b+3] or table[b+3] == table[b+6] and table[b+3] == 'X' or 'O':
        #         if table[b] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[b] = 'X'
        #             break
        #         if table[b+6] == 'O' or 'X':
        #             table[b+6] = 'X'
        #             break
        #     else: 
        #         pass
        #     a += 3
        #     b += 1
    
        com_move = random.randrange(1,10)
        if table[com_move-1] != 'O' and table[com_move-1] != 'X':
            table[com_move-1] = 'X'
            break
        else:
            continue

    time.sleep(0.7)






# ============================ second example below ====================
import random

# initialization stuff here: 

board = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
computerSpaces = []
humanSpaces =[]
game = 0

# this function draws pieces on the board. 
def drawPieces(position):
    if position in humanSpaces:
        return "X"
    elif position in computerSpaces:
        return "O"
    else:
        return position   


# this function manages player moves
def playerMove(move):
    humanSpaces.append(move)
    humanSpaces.sort()
    board.remove(int(move))
    return

# this function manages computer moves
def computerMove():
    # we choose a possible move from any moves left in the list board
    move=random.choice(board)
    # we append the move we just made into a list
    computerSpaces.append(str(move))
    # we sort the list because our win conditions are in a certain order. 1,2,3 is a win, but 3,2,1 isn't. 
    # sorting is a bit of a hack (there might be a better way to test for membership in a list iregardless of order)
    computerSpaces.sort()
    # finally, we remove the place from our list keeping track of the places. 
    board.remove(move)
    return

# this function draws the board
def drawBoard():
    print("")
    print("")
    print(" ",drawPieces('1'),"  |   ",drawPieces('2'),"    | ",drawPieces('3'), "  ")
    print("      |          |     ")
    print("----------------------")
    print(" ",drawPieces('4'),"  |   ",drawPieces('5'),"    | ",drawPieces('6'), "  ")
    print("      |          |     ")
    print("----------------------")
    print(" ",drawPieces('7'),"  |   ",drawPieces('8'),"    | ",drawPieces('9'), "  ")
    print("      |          |     ")
    return

# this functions looks for win win conditions
def winConditions():
    winConditions = [['1','2','3'],['4','5','6'],['7','8','9'],['1','5','9'],['3','5','7'],['1','4','7'],['2','5','8'],['3','6','9']]
    if any(humanSpaces) in winConditions:
        print("human won")
        raise SystemExit
    elif any(computerSpaces) in winConditions:
        print("commputer won")
        raise SystemExit
    return


# main game loop
while True:
    print(board)
    print(drawBoard())
    move=input("Please choose a move (99 to quit): ")
    if move == "99":
        break
    elif str(move) in computerSpaces or str(move) in humanSpaces:
        print("this is a invalid move")
    else:
        playerMove(move)
        computerMove()
        winConditions()
        print(humanSpaces)
        print(computerSpaces)
        # playerMove(move)


#
# ==========================.  example three below ==================
#

import itertools
import random
import os

def check_win(board):
    for j in [0,3,6]:
        if board[j] == board[j+1] and board[j] == board[j+2] and board[j] != "-":
            return board[j]
    for j in [0,1,2]:
        if board[j] == board[j+3] and board[j] == board[j+6] and board[j] != "-":
            return board[j]
    if board[0] == board[4] and board[0] == board[8] and board[0] != "-":
        return board[0]
    if board[2] == board[4] and board[2] == board[6] and board[2] != "-":
        return board[2]
    return "draw"

def calculate(stones):
    table = ["-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-", "-"]
    pl_1 = [stones[0],stones[2],stones[4],stones[6],stones[8]]
    for j in range(9):
        k = stones[j]
        if k in pl_1:
            table[k-1] = "1"
        else:
            table[k-1] = "2"
        result = check_win(table)
        if result == "1":
            return "player 1"
        elif result == "2":
            return "player 2"
        else:
            pass
    return "draw"

def find_ans(log,turn):
    INF = 10**10
    rates = []
    left = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
    for i in log:
        left.remove(i)

    left_clone = []
    for i in left:
        left_clone.append(i)

    for k in left_clone:
        t_logs = []
        left.remove(k)
        for i in itertools.permutations(left,len(left)):
            b = list(i)
            t_logs.append(log +[k]+ b)
            
        left = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
        for i in log:
            left.remove(i)
        
        count = 0
        wincount = 0
        losecount = 0
        for i in t_logs:
            count += 1
            result = calculate(i)
            if turn == 0:
                if result == "player 1":
                    losecount += 1
                if result == "player 2":
                    wincount += 1
            elif turn == 1:
                if result == "player 2":
                    losecount += 1
                if result == "player 1":
                    wincount += 1


        winrate = wincount/count
        loserate = losecount/count
        rates.append([k,winrate, loserate])

    g_lose = INF
    for i in rates:
        if i[2] < g_lose:
            decision = i[0]
            g_win = i[1]
            g_lose = i[2]
        elif i[2] == g_lose and i[1] > g_win:
            decision = i[0]
            g_win = i[1]
            g_lose = i[2]
        elif i[2] == g_lose and i[1] == g_win:
            if random.choice([True, False]):
                decision = i[0]
                g_win = i[1]
                g_lose = i[2]
                
        if i[1] >= 0.95:
            decision = i[0]
            g_win = i[1]
            g_lose = i[2]
            break

    return decision

# tic-tac-toe
table = ["-","-","-","-","-","-","-","-","-"]
log = []
first = random.choice(['your',"opponent's"])
if first == 'your':
    now = True
else:
    now = False

def turn(choice,sign):
    table[choice-1] = sign
    log.append(choice)
    update_color('grid1',table[0])
    update_color('grid2',table[1])
    update_color('grid3',table[2])
    update_color('grid4',table[3])
    update_color('grid5',table[4])
    update_color('grid6',table[5])
    update_color('grid7',table[6])
    update_color('grid8',table[7])
    update_color('grid9',table[8])
    end = check_win(table)
    if end == "draw":
        pass
    elif end == "x":
        sg.popup("Blue win!")
        return 'break'
    elif end == "o":
        sg.popup("Red win!")
        return 'break'
    if '-' not in table:
        return 'break'


import PySimpleGUI as sg
colors = [None, 'red','blue']

def update_color(grid,mark):
    if mark == '-':
        window[grid].update(background_color='white')
    elif mark == 'o':
        window[grid].update(background_color='red')
    elif mark == 'x':
        window[grid].update(background_color='blue')

sg.theme('DarkAmber')
layout = [
    [sg.Text(f"{first} turn", key='Turn')],
    [sg.Text(key='grid1',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black'),sg.Text(key='grid2',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black'),sg.Text(key='grid3',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black')],
    [sg.Text(key='grid4',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black'),sg.Text(key='grid5',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black'),sg.Text(key='grid6',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black')],
    [sg.Text(key='grid7',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black'),sg.Text(key='grid8',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black'),sg.Text(key='grid9',size=(5,3),background_color='white',text_color='black')],
    [sg.Button('1',size=(1.5,1.5)),sg.Button('2',size=(1.5,1.5)),sg.Button('3',size=(1.5,1.5))],
    [sg.Button('4',size=(1.5,1.5)),sg.Button('5',size=(1.5,1.5)),sg.Button('6',size=(1.5,1.5))],
    [sg.Button('7',size=(1.5,1.5)),sg.Button('8',size=(1.5,1.5)),sg.Button('9',size=(1.5,1.5))],
    [sg.Button('pass turn',)]
]

window = sg.Window('IMPOSIBLE TIC_TAC_TOE',layout)

while True:
    p1_choice = '$$'
    event, value = window.read()
    if event == sg.WINDOW_CLOSED:
        break
    if True:
        if event == '1':
            if table[0] == '-':
                p1_choice = 1
        if event == '2':
            if table[1] == '-':
                p1_choice = 2
        if event == '3':
            if table[2] == '-':
                p1_choice = 3
        if event == '4':
            if table[3] == '-':
                p1_choice = 4
        if event == '5':
            if table[4] == '-':
                p1_choice = 5
        if event == '6':
            if table[5] == '-':
                p1_choice = 6
        if event == '7':
            if table[6] == '-':
                p1_choice = 7
        if event == '8':
            if table[7] == '-':
                p1_choice = 8
        if event == '9':
            if table[8] == '-':
                p1_choice = 9
        if not now:
            p1_choice = -1
        if p1_choice == '$$':
            continue

    if first == 'your':
        if now:
            if turn(p1_choice,'x') == 'break':
                break
        else:
            p2_choice = find_ans(log,0)
            if turn(p2_choice,'o') == 'break':
                break
    
    if first == "opponent's":
        if now:
            if turn(p1_choice,'o') == 'break':
                break
        else:
            p2_choice = find_ans(log,1)
            if turn(p2_choice,'x') == 'break':
                break
    
    if now:
        window['Turn'].update("opponent's turn")
    else:
        window['Turn'].update("your turn")
    now = not now

end = check_win(table)
    
if end == "draw":
    sg.popup("draw")
    
window.close()

Click the expand link to see one possible solution in Javascript, but NOT before you have tried and failed!

File:Javascript tictactoe one answer.zip

Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph, using a pencil. A ruler (straight edge) should be used for straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs should have points correctly plotted (if appropriate) and joined in a straight line or smooth curve.

Consider the merits or otherwise of an argument or concept. Opinions and conclusions should be presented clearly and supported with appropriate evidence and sound argument.

Produce a plan, simulation or model.

A unit of abstract mathematical system subject to the laws of arithmetic.

Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.

Obtain a numerical answer showing the relevant stages in the working.