Components of a web page

Web Science

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Components of a Web Page

A web page is composed of various components that work together to display content in a structured and interactive way. These components can be broadly categorized into the head, body, and optional external resources.

1. Document Structure

• HTML Tag:

 * The root element that encompasses the entire web page.
 * Specifies the language of the document using the `lang` attribute (e.g., `lang="en"`).

2. Head Section

Contains metadata and resources needed for the web page but not directly visible to users.

Meta Tags

• Provide metadata about the document.
• Examples:

 * Charset: Specifies the character encoding (e.g., `UTF-8`).
 * Viewport: Controls the page's layout on different devices (e.g., `width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0`).
 * Description: Brief summary of the page (e.g., "This is a sample webpage.").

Title Tag

• Defines the title of the document displayed in the browser tab or search engine results.
• Example: "My Sample Page".

Link Tags

• Used to link external resources like CSS stylesheets or icons.
• Example: Stylesheet linking or favicon specification.

Script Tags

• Include or link external JavaScript files.
• Example: External or inline JavaScript.

Favicons

• Specify the website's icon displayed in the browser tab.
• Example: Reference to a favicon file.

3. Body Section

The visible part of the web page, containing the main content and interactive elements.

Content Structure

• Headers:

 * Define headings, with different levels of importance.

• Paragraphs:

 * Used for blocks of text.

• Lists:

 * Ordered List: Displays numbered items.
 * Unordered List: Displays bulleted items.
 * List Items: Items within a list.

• Links:

 * Hyperlinks to other pages or resources.

• Images:

 * Embeds images into the content.

Interactive Elements

• Forms:

 * Collect user input with fields like text boxes and buttons.
 * Example: Simple forms with text input and submit button.

• Buttons:

 * Trigger actions or scripts.

4. External Resources

• CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):

 * Control the visual styling of the page.

• JavaScript:

 * Adds interactivity and dynamic behavior.

• External Libraries or APIs:

 * Include frameworks like Bootstrap or external JavaScript APIs.

5. Closing Tags

• Ensure all open tags are closed properly to maintain valid HTML structure.

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Do you understand this?

From the IB: To include features such as meta- tags, title, etc.

Standards

These standards are used from the IB Computer Science Subject Guide

• Outline the different components of a web page.

Credit sources of information used by referencing (or citing) following one recognized referencing system. References should be included in the text and also at the end of the piece of work in a reference list or bibliography.

Give the precise meaning of a word, phrase, concept or physical quantity.

Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.

Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.

Give a brief account.