Sensor, the processor and an output transducer
I'm not sure I can do a better job than the folks on this page I've asked them permission to use their content, and I am awaiting their response.
You can read and study down the the section on Analogue and Digital Sensors, which you do not need to know for this.
Standards[edit]
- Explain the relationship between a sensor, the processor and an output transducer.