Computer organization: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:45, 1 March 2023

Computer Organization^[1]

A computer is an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.^[2]

Computer architecture[edit]

Secondary memory[edit]

Persistent storage

Operating systems and application systems[edit]

Binary Representation[edit]

Simple logic gates[edit]

Not part of IB curriculum but you should know this[edit]

Standards[edit]

Outline the architecture of the central processing unit (CPU) and the functions of the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the control unit (CU) and the registers within the CPU.
Describe primary memory.
Explain the use of cache memory.
Explain the machine instruction cycle.
Identify the need for persistent storage.
Describe the main functions of an operating system.
Outline the use of a range of application software.
Identify common features of applications.
Define the terms: bit, byte, binary, denary/decimal, hexadecimal.
Outline the way in which data is represented in the computer.
Define the Boolean operators: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR.
Construct truth tables using the above operators.
Construct a logic diagram using AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR gates.

References[edit]

[1] ttp://www.flaticon.com/

[2] ttps://www.lexico.com/en/definition/computer

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[file:cpu.png|right|frame|Computer Organization<ref>http://www.flaticon.com/</ref>]]
-This is pretty straight forward stuff. Nothing especially technical. We are concerned with the big picture related how systems integrate into organisations and how people use them. I used the standards from the IB<ref>http://www.ibo.org/</ref>, but added some other topics I think fit into this category (but not included by the IB).
+ A computer is an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.<ref>https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/computer</ref>
-== The big ideas in system fundamentals ==
+=== Computer architecture ===
-=== Systems in Organizations ===
-A computer program or computer system is used by people who work in organizations. It is very helpful to understand how people, computers, and organizations work together.
-==== Planning and system installation ====
+* [[Architecture of the central processing unit (CPU)]]
-* 1.1.1 Identify the context for which a new system is planned. Level: 2
+* [[Functions of the arithmetic logic unit (ALU)]]
-* 1.1.2 Describe the need for change management. Level: 2
+* [[Control unit (CU)]]
-* 1.1.3 Outline compatibility issues resulting from situations including legacy systems or business mergers. Level: 2
+* [[Registers within the CPU]]
-* 1.1.4 Compare the implementation of systems using a client’s hardware with hosting systems remotely. Level: 3
+* [[Primary memory]]
-* 1.1.5 Evaluate alternative installation processes. Level: 3
+* [[Cache memory]]
-* 1.1.6 Discuss problems that may arise as a part of data migration. Level: 3
+* [[The machine instruction cycle]]
-* 1.1.7 Suggest various types of testing. Level: 3
-==== User Focus ====
+=== Secondary memory ===
-* 1.1.8 Describe the importance of user documentation. Level: 2
+* [[Persistent storage]]
-* 1.1.9 Evaluate different methods of providing user documentation. Level: 3
-* 1.1.10 Evaluate different methods of delivering user training. Level: 3
-==== System Backup ====
+=== Operating systems and application systems ===
-* 1.1.11 Identify a range of causes of data loss. Level: 2
+* [[Operating system]]
-* 1.1.12 Outline the consequences of data loss in a specified situation. Level: 2
+* [[Application software]]
-* 1.1.13 Describe a range of methods that can be used to prevent data loss. Level: 2
-==== Software Deployment ====
+=== Binary Representation ===
-* 1.1.14 Describe strategies for managing releases and updates. Level: 2
+* [[Binary]]
+* [[Hexadecimal]]
+* [[ASCII]]
+* [[Data representation]]
-=== System Design ===
+=== Simple logic gates ===
-==== Components of a computer system ====
-* 1.2.1 Define the terms: hardware, software, peripheral, network, human resources. Level: 1
+* [[Boolean operators]]
-* 1.2.2 Describe the roles that a computer can take in a networked world. Level: 2
+* [[Truth tables]]
-* 1.2.3 Discuss the social and ethical issues associated with a networked world. Level: 3
+* [[Logic diagram]]
-==== System Design and analysis ====
-* 1.2.4 Identify the relevant stakeholders when planning a new system. Level: 2
+=== Not part of IB curriculum but you should know this ===
-* 1.2.5 Describe methods of obtaining requirements from stakeholders. Level: 2
-* 1.2.6 Describe appropriate techniques for gathering the information needed to arrive at a workable solution. Level: 2
+* [[Heap memory]]
-* 1.2.7 Construct suitable representations to illustrate system requirements. Level: 3
+* [[Stack memory]]
-* 1.2.8 Describe the purpose of prototypes to demonstrate the proposed system to the client. Level: 2
+* [[Transpiling]]
-* 1.2.9 Discuss the importance of iteration during the design process. Level: 3
+* [[Just-in-time (JIT) compilation]]
-* 1.2.10 Explain the possible consequences of failing to involve the end-user in the design process. Level: 3
-* 1.2.11 Discuss the social and ethical issues associated with the introduction of new IT systems. Level: 3
+== Standards ==
-==== Human interaction with the system ====
-* 1.2.12 Define the term usability. Level: 1
+*  Outline the architecture of the central processing unit (CPU) and the functions of the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the control unit (CU) and the registers within the CPU.
-* 1.2.13 Identify a range of usability problems with commonly used digital devices. Level: 2
+*   Describe primary memory.
-* 1.2.14 Identify methods that can be used to improve the accessibility of systems. Level: 2
+*   Explain the use of cache memory.
-* 1.2.15 Identify a range of usability problems that can occur in a system. Level: 2
+*   Explain the machine instruction cycle.
-* 1.2.16 Discuss the moral, ethical, social, economic and environmental implications of the interaction between humans and machines. Level: 3
+*   Identify the need for persistent storage.
+*   Describe the main functions of an operating system.
+*   Outline the use of a range of application software.
+*   Identify common features of applications.
+*   Define the terms: bit, byte, binary, denary/decimal, hexadecimal.
+*   Outline the way in which data is represented in the computer.
+*   Define the Boolean operators: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR.
+*   Construct truth tables using the above operators.
+*   Construct a logic diagram using AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XOR gates.
 == References ==
 <references />
-[[Category:System fundamentals]]
+[[Category:Computer Organization]]